Top-down model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Top-down model - Essay Example Each of these layers will be discussed keeping in mind the example of Intertex Corporation and its processes (Turban, McLean, & Wetherbe, 2004). Firstly Business Layer is this level of the top – down approach, Intertex Corporation requires to work on the basic areas of the business which include the strategic business plans, process reengineering, and also the identification of the major business functions, processes and opportunities (Goldman & Rawles, 2004). These basically include the need to focus on areas like the need for the networking within the organization and also implementation of WAN and LAN which helps standardizing the overall processes. Applications Layer: is the second step which involves using the WAN and LAN to pass on all information more simply to all employees within the company and to use this as an excellent opportunity to identify the needs for all information and knowledge within the company (Goldman & Rawles, 2004). Here this can be used to also essential information from the headquarters both locally as well as to the remote locations as well. Data Layer is the third step and this section is also an essential part of the approach. Here factors like the database analysis and design are looked into along with other areas for the organization which include the Data modeling, Data distribution analysis and also aspects of Client/server architecture design (Goldman & Rawles, 2004). In the case of companies for instance Intertex this is an important stage and this forms the major part of the overall top down approach. This stage is essential in the overall determination of requirements for the Top down approach and this area focuses on all data collection and distribution for the business needs and information. Network Layer as explained by Goldman and Rawles 2004 deals with, a) Network analysis and design, b) Logical network design (what), c) Network implementation planning, d) Network

Friedrich Froebel Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Friedrich Froebel - Research Paper Example Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) was born in the Oberweibach area of Thuringia, Germany on 21 April 1782. His father was an orthodox Lutheran pastor who ran the parish there. So it was not surprising that the Church and the Lutheran religion became the first pillars of Froebel’s own education. To his bad luck, the health of Froebel’s mother began to fail soon after his birth and she died within nine months. Froebel’s father also passed away in 1802 and he was sent to live with an uncle in the adjoining village of Stadt-Ilm. Froebel started his career as an educationist in 1805 as a secondary school teacher in Frankfurt. At this time he was impressed by the work of Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, also working with him in Switzerland to further develop his ideas. In 1811 Froebel once again went to Berlin and became a teacher at a boarding school for boys that specialized in pedagogy and patriotism. After serving in the Napoleonic wars of 1813-14, he was employed in the Institute of Mineralogy by Christian Samuel Weiss. However he did not hold this job for long and ultimately founded the German General Educational Institute in Arnstadt, Thirungia. He began publishing pamphlets about the need for education in 1820. In 1826 he published the Education of Man, his main work, followed by the Educating Families in 1828. In 1840, he finally started the first kindergarten concept in Germany at the Play and Activity Institute which he had established in 1837 (Rusk & Scotland, 1979: 32). He also designed toys and activ ity materials dubbed Froebel’s Gifts for these young kids. He died at Mariental on 21 June 1852. Important Contributions Froebel was instrumental in including the concept of play and free association for kids in the classroom. He also trained people in his teaching methods and discipline. Following the success of his methods, his student Margaret Schultz opened up a kindergarten at Wisconsin in 1856 and Elizabeth Peabody in Boston in 1860. By 1911, kindergarten education was officially recognized in Germany under its own state and regulatory laws. Froebel College in South West London in the UK was started in 1892 to respect and follow his traditions. He also was the first to train women in pedagogy at the premises granted by the Duke of Meiningen for this purpose(Weber, 1969: 13). According to Sniegoski (1994: 3), Froebel can be credited for ignoring the idea that the child was like a plant or a lump of clay into which education can be implanted. This concept originated by Lo cke was in vogue at the time, but the tireless efforts of Frobel and his followers soon brought in a new concept, namely the importance of play and learning at one’s own pace. Each new activity grew out of a previously available idea and thus a child was able to grow in stages of intellectual development. Much the same thing has been recognized and identified by other thinkers such as Jean Piaget. Froebel regarded play as the most important basis for the spontaneous development of the child. Another idea Froebel encouraged was self activity. He preferred that the learner educate himself. The task of the teacher was just to create a learning environment for the child, and shield the child from danger or unwanted processes. Froebel opined that for the first year of life, the mother was a child’s most important teacher, while they depended on the whole family for support and contentment. As the child

Lead Toxicity in Children Essay -- Lead Poisoning Health Medical Essay

Lead Toxicity in Children Lead poisoning in children was first discovered in 1890 in Queensland, Australia. The lead source was not identified until 1904, when a researcher traced it to the paint used on railings and verandahs. The first discovery of lead poisoning in the United States (with a traceable source) was in 1914; the child had chewed the paint off of his crib. At this time they linked lead poisoning as a cause of convulsions in children. As research progressed and more children were found with high lead levels, symptoms caused by lead were expanded to include lead meningitis, acute encephalopathy, intellectual dullness, reduced consciousness, seizures, comas, and death (Chisholm, 1982). Lead is a metal found virtually everywhere even today. Sources of lead include auto body shops, electric storage batteries, glazes for china dishes, crockery, insecticides, electric cable insulation, hose, pipe, sheet and floor coverings. Lead is associated with stain glass work, jewelry making and antique ceramic doll painting. Although lead in paint was outlawed, there are still many homes that have lead paint (White et al, 1990). Lead found in gasoline was found in one study to account for 23--27% of the lead blood levels in the people tested (Wagner, 1991). This exposure to lead sources is more of a concern for children due to the characteristic habit of children to taste everything they touch; this characteristic is known as pica. Children are also in closer contact with their lead polluted environment during play. They are more active and exposed to outdoor contaminates and they inhale dust and dirt that are lead contaminated. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of lead in the dig estive tract is up to 10 times greater in chil... ...inical to Subtle Health Effects. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 86, 1990, pp.177-181. Markowitz, M. and Rosen, J. Need for the Lead Mobilization Test in Children with Lead Poisoning. The Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 119, No. 2, August 1991, pp. 305-310. McCabe Jr., M. and Lawrence, D. Lead, A Major Environmental Pollutant, Is Immunomodulatory by Its Differential Effects on CD4+ T Cell Subsets. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 111, 1991, pp. 13-23. Singhal, R. L., and Thomas, J. A. Lead Toxicity. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore-Munich, 1980. Wagner, H. M. Recent Trends In Human Lead Exposure. New Horizons in Biological Dosimetry, 1991, pp. 179-186. White, R., Feldman, R., and Travers, P. Neurobehavioral Effects of Toxicity Due to Metals, Solvents, and Insecticides. Clinical Neuropharmacology, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1990, pp. 392-412. Lead Toxicity in Children Essay -- Lead Poisoning Health Medical Essay Lead Toxicity in Children Lead poisoning in children was first discovered in 1890 in Queensland, Australia. The lead source was not identified until 1904, when a researcher traced it to the paint used on railings and verandahs. The first discovery of lead poisoning in the United States (with a traceable source) was in 1914; the child had chewed the paint off of his crib. At this time they linked lead poisoning as a cause of convulsions in children. As research progressed and more children were found with high lead levels, symptoms caused by lead were expanded to include lead meningitis, acute encephalopathy, intellectual dullness, reduced consciousness, seizures, comas, and death (Chisholm, 1982). Lead is a metal found virtually everywhere even today. Sources of lead include auto body shops, electric storage batteries, glazes for china dishes, crockery, insecticides, electric cable insulation, hose, pipe, sheet and floor coverings. Lead is associated with stain glass work, jewelry making and antique ceramic doll painting. Although lead in paint was outlawed, there are still many homes that have lead paint (White et al, 1990). Lead found in gasoline was found in one study to account for 23--27% of the lead blood levels in the people tested (Wagner, 1991). This exposure to lead sources is more of a concern for children due to the characteristic habit of children to taste everything they touch; this characteristic is known as pica. Children are also in closer contact with their lead polluted environment during play. They are more active and exposed to outdoor contaminates and they inhale dust and dirt that are lead contaminated. Furthermore, the adsorption rate of lead in the dig estive tract is up to 10 times greater in chil... ...inical to Subtle Health Effects. Environmental Health Perspectives, Vol. 86, 1990, pp.177-181. Markowitz, M. and Rosen, J. Need for the Lead Mobilization Test in Children with Lead Poisoning. The Journal of Pediatrics. Vol. 119, No. 2, August 1991, pp. 305-310. McCabe Jr., M. and Lawrence, D. Lead, A Major Environmental Pollutant, Is Immunomodulatory by Its Differential Effects on CD4+ T Cell Subsets. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Vol. 111, 1991, pp. 13-23. Singhal, R. L., and Thomas, J. A. Lead Toxicity. Urban and Schwarzenberg, Baltimore-Munich, 1980. Wagner, H. M. Recent Trends In Human Lead Exposure. New Horizons in Biological Dosimetry, 1991, pp. 179-186. White, R., Feldman, R., and Travers, P. Neurobehavioral Effects of Toxicity Due to Metals, Solvents, and Insecticides. Clinical Neuropharmacology, Vol. 13, No. 5, 1990, pp. 392-412.

Employee Selection the Role of Hrm Finding the Right Candidate

Denise L. Thomas Dr. Courtney Bibby Human Resource Management MBA 605 March 2, 2013 Employer Selection the Role of HRM finding the Right Candidate The role of Human Resources Management, here in after referred to as HRM has many faces; the most important role that HRM assumes is in the staffing of human resources. This paper will explore the methods and strategies that are used in the selection for Mr. or Ms. Right. Do HRMs handle this important role with expertise? Employment selection impacts many levels, as it delivers an important net result.Companies are as good and productive as the employees that represent them. Employee selection has a vital role in the success of all companies. Most would agree the reason we return to a favorite restaurant, retailer or business establishment is largely due to the personnel. A new product launch, operational production requirements, an aging workforce and seasonal demands, are all reasons management will turn to the HRM manager for support in addressing their staffing needs. HRMs will conduct a needs assessment for reaching the hiring goals and objectives. Hiring the right person the first time doesn’t happen by accident; it happens by design. Always be clear about the position you want to fill-long before interviewing. Define the Thomas page 2 position based on what your business needs. Identify the standards, skills and knowledge that the perfect hire would have†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003). Now, with a firm understanding of the expectations needed for hiring. The HRM manager needs to enlist potential candidates to meet these objectives. Recruiting in todays’ world of the internet is much more efficient than methods of the past. There are numerous job boards to begin your recruiting rocess. Job boards like Career Builder and Monster service many employer’s with various hiring needs, they have proven creditability for attracting quality job seekers. A consultant will assist the HRM manager to ach ieve the visibility and positioning to attract candidates to their web page. Although the internet provides a great resource for pooling talent, there are other tried and true methods for recruiting. Internal job postings are a great opportunity for current employees to consider advancement; this also gives management an idea of personnel seeking to move forward within the company.In many cases word of mouth will yield good results for networking and recruiting for career openings. Current employees may have knowledge of someone whom they feel would be great for a position. It’s a good idea to include different types of recruiting to gain a broader reach for talent. The most time consuming part of recruiting is the first round of interviews. It is common for HRMs to schedule phone interviews with applicants. The phone interview allows the ability to gage the potential of a candidate before bringing them in for a face to face Thomas page 3 interview.Phone interviews will able HRM to address any question you may have about items on a job application or resume. The phone interview may incorporate questions that are behavioral and those that are situational. This type of inquiry will be helpful in examining the ways an applicant handles conflicts and problem solving. This may also illustrate the applicant’s ability to lead and persuade other towards a preferred outcome. Another important aspect included as part of the pre- interview is testing. â€Å"Testing and assessments are a must for your short-list interview process. † (Cameron & Keis, 2003).The analysis of behaviors prior to the face to face interview should not be overestimated. Currently these exams are provided during face to face interview or most often inclusive with the online applications. Upon completion of the pre- interview screenings, the best candidates of this process should be selected for in person interviews. Mangers that will be involved with the interview and decision making need to be prepared and skilled in their interview technique for this final process. â€Å"As with most managerial skills, the skills required to make a better hiring decision can be learned and can be developed with practice.Along with examining skills, the astute manager considers an applicant’s fit with the organization’s culture. If the culture is open and loose in an organic structure, a bureaucratic personality would make a poor fit. â€Å" (Buhler, 1992). So now the fun begins. Hiring managers have a shared responsibility during this phase of the staffing process. The environment should be one that is conducive for the meeting. Thomas page 5 Applicants are also reviewing the work place to visualize if they could envision themselves working in the location.It may be a good idea to alert the office staff that interviews will be taking place, all staff needs to exhibit best practice office etiquette during this open house of prespective new hires. I feel t his aspect is often overlooked. I recall on many occasions I observed the work culture of an office during my visit, and determined I wasn’t a good fit for the group. Additionally, managers who have not familiarized themselves with the resumes and or applications do a disservice to the process of interviewing. I have been frustrated during an interview when I find myself becoming redundant to an issue.All applicants understand that HRMs and managers are busy, however, we are discussing future employment and what contribution I can make to your organization! Moreover, when we consider the cost investment for hiring and training of new employees this matter requires a serious commitment from all involved. â€Å"The setting of the interview is extremely important to get it off to the right start. This is an opportunity for the applicant to â€Å"interview† and judge the organization. † (Buhler, 1992). HRMs in many corporations have a structured interview format tha t they are required to adhere to, in maintaining the integrity of the hiring process.The interviewer will let you know prior to the start of the questioning, if they will be taking notes of your answers. I have participated in a number of these types of interviews and most of the questions are behavioral or situational. A candidate that has done their homework will be prepared to answer this line of questioning. In some situations a face to face meeting will be conducted by a HRM manager. They will conduct the interview and make referrals to the manager. Thomas page 6 â€Å"Hiring is more than merely selecting a â€Å"nice person. † It requires carefully selecting the best person for the position.A new skill being sought in new hires is innovation. Organizations without innovation will become stagnant and perish in time. Survival means thinking creatively. The best infusion of creativity comes from outside the organization—from new hires. † (Buhler, 1992). †Å"Traditional interviews don’t accomplish a lot. In selection interviews they ask the wrong questions, ask the questions the wrong way, violate laws, fail to take adequate notes and ignore body language†. (Smart, 1987) . I can attest that I have participated in interviews that made me want to exchange places with the person behind the desk.Some managers are very uncomfortable with the responsibility needed to become a skillful interviewer. Situations where it is detected that the interviewer seems displaced allows the applicant to take the interview over, the hiring manager is no longer in charge. This scenario is a disservice in search for the perfect candidate, or is it? One could say that if an applicant has this type of skill set they represent someone who is not afraid to take the lead and shows initiative. These skills are most desirable to most employers. â€Å"A high- quality selection interview requires more than just a sufficient amount of time.A matrix forma t is much more comprehensive. The interviewer begins by asking candidates about chronological history-beginning with education and progressing through job 1, job2, job3 and up to the present position. â€Å" (Smart, 1987). Thomas page 7 After a series of selected candidates have been interviewed and the final contenders are selected. HRMs will ask candidates to return for a second or final interview. This allows recruits to have a final opportunity to offer evidence of why they should be selected for the current opportunity.If managers are undecided this review should assist in the finalization before making a job offer. â€Å"Check references after the interview, to confirm consistency between the candidate’s comments and the opinion of his previous employers†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003). Making the job offer to the final recruit is the last step in the recruiting. Verbal offers will need to be followed with written documentation outlining the specifics of the job offer. â€Å"Hiring the right person the first time takes planning, systems, tools, and structure.Customize and document your process to fit your organization; you will create own internal marketing plan to attract just the right people†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003) Strategies and resources assist with the selection to find the right candidate for a job. Significant time and effort goes into the preparation of selecting human resources on both sides of the spectrum. The final decision in choosing the best candidate is narrowed down to who has the â€Å"it†. The â€Å"it† factor is made up of many things, it is perhaps best described as something special that shines and stands out greatly.Go forth and let your brilliance shine. Works Cited Buhler, Patricia. â€Å"Managing in the 90s: Hiring the Right Person for the Job. † SuperVision 53. 7 (1992): 21-. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Cameron, Gordon, and Ken Keis. â€Å"Hire the Right Person the First Time! : Hi ring the â€Å"Wrong† People Costs You Money! † S S G M, Service Station & Garage Management 33. 7 (2003): 0,n/a. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Smart, Bradford D. â€Å"Progressive Approaches for Hiring the Best People. † Training and development journal 41. 9 (1987): 46-. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Employee Selection the Role of Hrm Finding the Right Candidate Denise L. Thomas Dr. Courtney Bibby Human Resource Management MBA 605 March 2, 2013 Employer Selection the Role of HRM finding the Right Candidate The role of Human Resources Management, here in after referred to as HRM has many faces; the most important role that HRM assumes is in the staffing of human resources. This paper will explore the methods and strategies that are used in the selection for Mr. or Ms. Right. Do HRMs handle this important role with expertise? Employment selection impacts many levels, as it delivers an important net result.Companies are as good and productive as the employees that represent them. Employee selection has a vital role in the success of all companies. Most would agree the reason we return to a favorite restaurant, retailer or business establishment is largely due to the personnel. A new product launch, operational production requirements, an aging workforce and seasonal demands, are all reasons management will turn to the HRM manager for support in addressing their staffing needs. HRMs will conduct a needs assessment for reaching the hiring goals and objectives. Hiring the right person the first time doesn’t happen by accident; it happens by design. Always be clear about the position you want to fill-long before interviewing. Define the Thomas page 2 position based on what your business needs. Identify the standards, skills and knowledge that the perfect hire would have†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003). Now, with a firm understanding of the expectations needed for hiring. The HRM manager needs to enlist potential candidates to meet these objectives. Recruiting in todays’ world of the internet is much more efficient than methods of the past. There are numerous job boards to begin your recruiting rocess. Job boards like Career Builder and Monster service many employer’s with various hiring needs, they have proven creditability for attracting quality job seekers. A consultant will assist the HRM manager to ach ieve the visibility and positioning to attract candidates to their web page. Although the internet provides a great resource for pooling talent, there are other tried and true methods for recruiting. Internal job postings are a great opportunity for current employees to consider advancement; this also gives management an idea of personnel seeking to move forward within the company.In many cases word of mouth will yield good results for networking and recruiting for career openings. Current employees may have knowledge of someone whom they feel would be great for a position. It’s a good idea to include different types of recruiting to gain a broader reach for talent. The most time consuming part of recruiting is the first round of interviews. It is common for HRMs to schedule phone interviews with applicants. The phone interview allows the ability to gage the potential of a candidate before bringing them in for a face to face Thomas page 3 interview.Phone interviews will able HRM to address any question you may have about items on a job application or resume. The phone interview may incorporate questions that are behavioral and those that are situational. This type of inquiry will be helpful in examining the ways an applicant handles conflicts and problem solving. This may also illustrate the applicant’s ability to lead and persuade other towards a preferred outcome. Another important aspect included as part of the pre- interview is testing. â€Å"Testing and assessments are a must for your short-list interview process. † (Cameron & Keis, 2003).The analysis of behaviors prior to the face to face interview should not be overestimated. Currently these exams are provided during face to face interview or most often inclusive with the online applications. Upon completion of the pre- interview screenings, the best candidates of this process should be selected for in person interviews. Mangers that will be involved with the interview and decision making need to be prepared and skilled in their interview technique for this final process. â€Å"As with most managerial skills, the skills required to make a better hiring decision can be learned and can be developed with practice.Along with examining skills, the astute manager considers an applicant’s fit with the organization’s culture. If the culture is open and loose in an organic structure, a bureaucratic personality would make a poor fit. â€Å" (Buhler, 1992). So now the fun begins. Hiring managers have a shared responsibility during this phase of the staffing process. The environment should be one that is conducive for the meeting. Thomas page 5 Applicants are also reviewing the work place to visualize if they could envision themselves working in the location.It may be a good idea to alert the office staff that interviews will be taking place, all staff needs to exhibit best practice office etiquette during this open house of prespective new hires. I feel t his aspect is often overlooked. I recall on many occasions I observed the work culture of an office during my visit, and determined I wasn’t a good fit for the group. Additionally, managers who have not familiarized themselves with the resumes and or applications do a disservice to the process of interviewing. I have been frustrated during an interview when I find myself becoming redundant to an issue.All applicants understand that HRMs and managers are busy, however, we are discussing future employment and what contribution I can make to your organization! Moreover, when we consider the cost investment for hiring and training of new employees this matter requires a serious commitment from all involved. â€Å"The setting of the interview is extremely important to get it off to the right start. This is an opportunity for the applicant to â€Å"interview† and judge the organization. † (Buhler, 1992). HRMs in many corporations have a structured interview format tha t they are required to adhere to, in maintaining the integrity of the hiring process.The interviewer will let you know prior to the start of the questioning, if they will be taking notes of your answers. I have participated in a number of these types of interviews and most of the questions are behavioral or situational. A candidate that has done their homework will be prepared to answer this line of questioning. In some situations a face to face meeting will be conducted by a HRM manager. They will conduct the interview and make referrals to the manager. Thomas page 6 â€Å"Hiring is more than merely selecting a â€Å"nice person. † It requires carefully selecting the best person for the position.A new skill being sought in new hires is innovation. Organizations without innovation will become stagnant and perish in time. Survival means thinking creatively. The best infusion of creativity comes from outside the organization—from new hires. † (Buhler, 1992). †Å"Traditional interviews don’t accomplish a lot. In selection interviews they ask the wrong questions, ask the questions the wrong way, violate laws, fail to take adequate notes and ignore body language†. (Smart, 1987) . I can attest that I have participated in interviews that made me want to exchange places with the person behind the desk.Some managers are very uncomfortable with the responsibility needed to become a skillful interviewer. Situations where it is detected that the interviewer seems displaced allows the applicant to take the interview over, the hiring manager is no longer in charge. This scenario is a disservice in search for the perfect candidate, or is it? One could say that if an applicant has this type of skill set they represent someone who is not afraid to take the lead and shows initiative. These skills are most desirable to most employers. â€Å"A high- quality selection interview requires more than just a sufficient amount of time.A matrix forma t is much more comprehensive. The interviewer begins by asking candidates about chronological history-beginning with education and progressing through job 1, job2, job3 and up to the present position. â€Å" (Smart, 1987). Thomas page 7 After a series of selected candidates have been interviewed and the final contenders are selected. HRMs will ask candidates to return for a second or final interview. This allows recruits to have a final opportunity to offer evidence of why they should be selected for the current opportunity.If managers are undecided this review should assist in the finalization before making a job offer. â€Å"Check references after the interview, to confirm consistency between the candidate’s comments and the opinion of his previous employers†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003). Making the job offer to the final recruit is the last step in the recruiting. Verbal offers will need to be followed with written documentation outlining the specifics of the job offer. â€Å"Hiring the right person the first time takes planning, systems, tools, and structure.Customize and document your process to fit your organization; you will create own internal marketing plan to attract just the right people†. (Cameron & Keis, 2003) Strategies and resources assist with the selection to find the right candidate for a job. Significant time and effort goes into the preparation of selecting human resources on both sides of the spectrum. The final decision in choosing the best candidate is narrowed down to who has the â€Å"it†. The â€Å"it† factor is made up of many things, it is perhaps best described as something special that shines and stands out greatly.Go forth and let your brilliance shine. Works Cited Buhler, Patricia. â€Å"Managing in the 90s: Hiring the Right Person for the Job. † SuperVision 53. 7 (1992): 21-. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Cameron, Gordon, and Ken Keis. â€Å"Hire the Right Person the First Time! : Hi ring the â€Å"Wrong† People Costs You Money! † S S G M, Service Station & Garage Management 33. 7 (2003): 0,n/a. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013. Smart, Bradford D. â€Å"Progressive Approaches for Hiring the Best People. † Training and development journal 41. 9 (1987): 46-. ProQuest Central. Web. 2 Mar. 2013.

Essay Strategic Leadership - 1068 Words

Strategic Leadership The only thing harder than being a strategic leader is trying to define the entire scope of strategic leadership a broad, difficult concept. We cannot always define it or describe it in every detail, but we recognize it in action. This type of leadership involves microscopic perceptions and macroscopic expectations. Volumes have been written on the subject, which may in fact contribute to the difficulty of grasping the concept. One finds confusing and sometimes conflicting information on this blended concept that involves the vagaries of strategy and the behavioral art of leadership. Sometimes the methods and models used to explain it are more complicated than the concept and practice of strategic†¦show more content†¦Strategic leadership entails making decisions across different cultures, agencies, agendas, personalities, and desires. It requires the devising of plans that are feasible, desirable, and acceptable to one’s organization and partners whether joint, inter agency, or multinational. Strategic leadership demands the ability to make sound, reasoned decisions specifically, consequential decisions with grave implications. Since the aim of strategy is to link ends, ways, and means, the aim of strategic leadership is to determine the ends, choose the best ways, and apply the most effective means. The strategy is the plan; strategic leadership is the thinking and decision making required to develop and effect the plan. Skills for leading at the strategic level are more complex than those for leading at the tactical and operational levels, with skills blurring at the seams between those levels. Developing Strategic Leadership If becoming a strategist is the ends, then leadership is the ways, and development is the means. Learning to become a strategic leader requires special preparation in several areas. First, one must understand how such a leader develops in essence the anatomy of strategic leadership. Second, one should recognize some of the essential competencies a strategic leader must have. Finally, the prospective leader needs to assess his or her current abilities and commit to a development plan. Anatomy of a StrategicShow MoreRelatedStrategic Management : Strategic Leadership1516 Words   |  7 PagesStrategic leadership is defined as the ability to anticipate, envision, maintain the flexibility, think in strategic manner, and inspire change. It is essential to have a competent strategic leader as this will impact the performance of the firm directly due to being in the position to make crucial decisions on behalf of the firm (Ireland et al, 2005). A clear distinguishment needs to take made. Strategy is sets of actions that are needed to be performed in order for change to occur that will leadRead MoreStrategic Leadership2805 Words   |  12 PagesA. Describe strategic leadership in detail, the traits of strategic leadership, how they differ from strategic management, and discuss the importance of strategic leadership for the competitive success of a firm. Strategic leadership is difficult to describe as a concept; however it is easy to distinguish when it is in action. Leaders pay close attention to small details to ensure that the big picture may one day become realized. Strategic leadership is being able to develop competenciesRead MoreStrategic Leadership : A Strategic Leader929 Words   |  4 PagesBecoming a strategic leader began with an outstanding analogy comparing strategic leadership to surfing. By comparing the frustrations of failing at surfing and not knowing what changes to make to the challenge of being told you are not a strategic leader and not being given specifics to change, the authors effectively explained the value of understanding and utilizing strategic leadership. This paper will follow their lead in giving an understanding of strategic leadership as well as how to utilizeRead MoreStrategic Management : Strategic Leadership1085 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The focus of strategic leadership is the enduring performance potential of an organization- achieving the potential of the organization over time so that it will thrive in the long term (Hughes, et.al, 2014). Strategic leadership happens when individuals create the direction, alignment, and commitment needed to achieve the enduring performance potential of the organization (Hughes, et.al, 2014). Leaders are more strategic when they are strong strategy makers, that is, when they developRead MoreA Reflection On Strategic Leadership1276 Words   |  6 PagesA Reflection in Strategic leadership Before coming to USAWC I think that my experience and knowledge gained during the twenty-five years of service is an important quality to possess. At one point I thought: â€Å"A few years until retirement, and probably no special secrets for me to discover during academic year. I can only confirm what I know, gained some new knowledge and meet a bunch of interesting people before returning home. Much to my surprise, already after the first reading and discussionRead MoreLeadership Development : A Strategic Approach820 Words   |  4 PagesFuture Leadership Development Consequently, leadership development requires that organizations take a strategic approach such as coaching, training programs, mentoring, and/or virtual learning. A critical analysis and evaluation of what I learned regarding leadership development is that organizations must evaluate organizational needs and individual skills and competencies; assess an individual readiness to learn; create performance measures and evaluation criteria to measure training and learningRead MoreStrategic Management and Leadership25577 Words   |  103 PagesDiploma Level 7 in Strategic Management and Leadership The London Academy for Higher Education: Extended Diploma in Strategic Management and Leadership Course Manual 2011 / 2012 Contents How to use this Manual About the London Academy for Higher Education About the Extended Diploma in Strategic Management and Leadership Course Module Brief Entrance Requirements Core Units Unit 1: Developing Strategic Management and Leadership Skills Unit 2: Professional Development for Strategic Managers UnitRead MoreStrategic Leadership And Organisational Strategic Direction3503 Words   |  15 Pagesbusiness. Strategic decisions determine what products a firm will offer, which markets it will compete in and how it will compete. These decisions usually involve heavy investment and high levels of new markets, taking over competitors or redefining the business purpose are all strategic decisions. Companies have to modify their strategies in response to changes in the market or competitors actions. To operate and manage all those strategy organisation need appropriate strategic leadership. This reportRead MoreStrategic Management and Leadership2372 Words   |  10 Pagesbetween Stra tegic Management and Leadership The strategic management process helps institutions identify what they intend to achieve and how they will accomplish outcomes. The term strategic management is used to refer to the entire decision-making process. Strategic management must evolve by predicting the future (more effective planning), thinking strategically (increased responses, evaluation of strategic alternatives and dynamic allocation of resources) and creating the future (strategic planningRead MoreA Definition Of Strategic Leadership1868 Words   |  8 PagesA Definition of Strategic Leadership â€Å"The key to strategic planning is competent strategic leadership.† Strategic leadership requires personal outlook of the church which will increase the involvement and ministry outreach of the congregants. Strategic leadership in the twenty-first century has increased as the rising Millennial generation places new aspects of leadership which require higher standards more relevance from the church; becoming transparent. Malphurs stresses the concern of the church

The Reconstruction Chapter Of Rap - 1930 Words

1. Using documents from the Reconstruction Chapter of RAP, discuss some of the ways in which African-Americans were segregated in the South after 1883. What was (where) the major goal(s) of segregation in the South, based upon your analysis of the text? According to RAP, most southern whites tried to limit African Americans’ freedom even though most former slaves sought to maximize their freedom. Most of African Americans tried to reunite families that had separated because of slavery. In order to find their family members, they placed advertisements on the newspapers, which asked people for information such as locations or any clue that lead to find family members. For example, an advertisement says â€Å"Information is wanted of Cayrel Robinson, who left Liberty, Clay County, Missouri, about four years ago, to join the Union army at Wyandotte, Kansas; and he has not been heard from since. Any information of his whereabouts will be thankfully received by his wife† (Johnson 9). However, some Whites used violent acts such as murder and lynching to force African Americans to limit their freedom. Ku Klux Klan played a major role of violent acts to African Americans. In RAP, Elias Hill, a black preacher who lived in York C ounty, describes how brutal members of Ku Klux Klan were. One of the ways that African Americans suffered from segregation is that African Americans were refused to ride first-class railroad cars. According to the online text book, most first-class cars forShow MoreRelatedHarlem Renaissance Essay1341 Words   |  6 Pages In the beginning of the chapter 3, Addison Gayle Jr., says that black critic today about how beautiful poem, melody, play, or novel had made single black man’s life. He also says that American writer an American for black honor attached. The one problem during the Renaissance was they had really short life there was no black people in it other than artists. Harlem Renaissance were first one to criticize black and white. They came to dominate Harlem Renaissance through creativity and culture. Madhubuti’sRead MoreThe Black Music : The Soul Of Black Folk1855 Words   |  8 Pagestrue messages in a song. This tradition never changed, even with emancipation, reconstruction, civil rights, and black power. Still oppressed in many different ways, music still captures and retells the reality of life as a Black person. Looking through the history of the Black sound, spirituals were the first truly recognized musical artform created by Blacks in America. As W.E.B. DuBois highlights in his chapter on â€Å"Sorrow Songs† in The Souls of Black Folk, spirituals captured the live of enslavedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article Types Of Intersectionality, Structural, Political, And Representational.2357 Words   |  10 Pagesfaces. The third category is representational intersectionality, which is the way in which individuals facing intersectionality are â€Å"represented in cultural imagery† (Chrenshaw 1282). Chrenshaw gives the example of how black women are portrayed in rap music such as by 2 Live Crew. Thus, the conceptual distinction between the three aforementioned types of intersectionality, using black women as an example, lies in that structural intersectionality is what black women face everyday and is the inequalityRead MoreBibliographic Essay on African American History6221 Words   |  25 Pagesï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼ 2000. Jean M. Humez’s Harriet Tubman: The Life and the Life Stories (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2003) offers a â€Å"hypothetical† autobiography crafted from Tubman’s own stories about her activism. The Civil War and Reconstruction Despite the efforts of organizations and individuals, slavery existed until after the Civil War. Among the best accounts of black participation in the Civil War are Joseph T. Glatthaar, Forged in Battle: The Civil War Alliance of Black Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Beowulf 3700 Words   |  15 Pagessome of the women have to learn to defend themselves and Beah and his friends have to learn to cook in order to survive. Much of the culture is different from ours; however it has some elements from modern culture that have infiltrated it. Beah loves rap music and it saved his life twice by proving his innocence to villagers who would have had him killed. Also like our culture, burial customs are enforced even in desperate times. When Saidu dies, his body is wrapped in white linen and buried in a woodenRead MoreThe Definite Haemodynamic Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Hypertension7200 Words   |  29 Pagesusually used to calculate tricuspid regurgitant pressure gradient ( TRPG ) (V = peak tricuspid regurgitant velocity at end diastole). The calculation of systolic pulmonary arterial pressure (sPAP) uses the equation, sPAP = TRPG + Right Atrial Pressure ( RAP ). Th is calculation is based on the assumption that there is no right ventricular outflow tract stenosis allowing the right ventricular systolic pressure to be equivalent to sPAP. Although not routinely used in the diagnosis and follow up of pulmonaryRead MoreCommercial Liens - a Potent Weapon Essay32374 Words   |  130 Pages Table of Contents Chapter 1 †¢ Introduction †¢ Scope and Purpose of Manual †¢ Some Notes on the Sample Briefs †¢ The Commercial Lien Strategy - Background †¢ Some Examples of the Strategy †¢ The Power Of Commercial Liens Chapter 2 †¢ Theory of Commercial Lien Strategy †¢ Introduction †¢ The Commercial Affidavit Process †¢ Constitutions as Enforceable Contracts †¢ Bonding of Government Officials Chapter 3 †¢ Basic ConceptsRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesmymanagementlab is an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Read MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesthe beginning of the twentieth. The decades since 1840 have witnessed a striking and unprecedented increase in the human population, in industrial and agricultural production, in global trade and its shift to nonluxury commodities, 10 †¢ CHAPTER 1 in international capital flows, in transcontinental economic integration, in transportation and communication technology, and in the movement of people. These upsurges and their regional unevenness created unprecedented incentives for long-distanceRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesmaterial. We have provided a mixture of longer and shorter cases to increase the ï ¬â€šexibility for teachers. Combined with the illustrations and the short case examples at the end of each chapter (in both versions of the book) this increases the reader’s and tutor’s choice. For example, when deciding on material for Chapter 2, the case example, Global Forces and the European Brewing Industry, tests a reader’s understanding of the main issues inï ¬â€šuencing the competitive position of a number of organisations

Creating The Corporate Marketing Function - 1429 Words

Many firms try to gain competitive advantage by operating in several businesses simultaneously, including Walt Disney Company. It used both vertical and horizontal integration for its approaches. In expanding the firm by integrating preceding production processes, the company becomes its own distributor with the creation of Buena Vista Distribution and has its own network to broadcast its production, ABC. This way, the company is not dependent on any single industries. Also a part of the forward integration strategy is creating the corporate marketing function. After producing their animated and live action films in its own studios, the marketing team can coordinate the advertisement of companywide products and services, then it can†¦show more content†¦One of the new vertical integration expansions in Eisner’s era is the establishment of corporate marketing function that is able to help the company in reducing transaction costs. With all the new and expanding product s Walt Disney Company creates in every short amount of time, marketing would play a big part. Instead of each individual businesses spending search costs in making decisions when outsourcing, then the negotiating, contracting, and monitoring costs that comes afterwards, not to mention the enforcement costs, it would be more cost saving if there is a marketing function that coordinates with the previous stages of all the businesses. In Walt Disney’s era, Disney has created television programs in a TV network ABC and it still continued in Eisner’s era. As time pasts, Eisner decided to do another vertical integration strategy by buying ABC instead which was considered ideal at the time. Disney is doing a forward integration by broadcasting its productions in its own programming distribution channel it has bought. This strategy creates a more secure distribution process of the company’s production. An alternative approach is the related diversification strategy. With this strategy, Walt Disney Company can benefit from horizontal relationships across different businesses by pooling shared activities in the sales force. This enables the company to benefit from economies of scope. Disney started focusing more on theirShow MoreRelatedProject Essay699 Words   |  3 PagesProject Oxygen using the functions approach, Mintzbergs roles approach, and the skills approach. I feel the function approach is one of the methods used in classification of activities that occur in marketing processes by breaking down the processes into functions. A marketing function is defined as a major specialized activity performed in accomplishing the marketing process, buying function, transportation function, processing function, storage function and selling function. Mintzberg approach containsRead MoreFunctions of Management Paper1472 Words   |  6 PagesRunning Head: FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT Functions of Management Paper University of Phoenix Management: Theory, Practice, Application MGT/330 October 20, 2007 Introduction The following paper is a definition of Management and its functions as well as an explanation on how these functions relate to my organization. Read MoreGlobal Governance And Corporate Social Responsibility855 Words   |  4 Pagessupport and assistance. Here global governance and corporate social responsibility are core processes between these two institutions. Obviously the cooperation of Wall Street and its interests is necessary in this case. Assuming, Twitter follows the regulations of corporate governance principles, which maximizes profits and enhances stakeholder’s interests this would accommodate the shareholder value. If these concepts were properly implemented corporate governance and CSR may improve the functionalityRead MoreEssay about Social marketing reflects corporate social responsibility1110 Words   |  5 Pagesinitially describe social marketing and then indicate how corporations affect stakeholders through companies’ social marketing and responsibility. Following that, the importance and functions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social marketing will be demonstrated. Finally, it will explain how organizations reflect CSR and make a short conclusion to indicate the relationship between social marketing and CSR. Social Marketing In the past decades, the marketing environment has been changedRead MoreCorporate Communication : Organizational Vision And Mission And Its Objectives1670 Words   |  7 PagesCorporate Communication 1. Corporate Communication 1.1 Corporate Communication Definition Defining corporate communication is a challenging task, the new and the interdisciplinary nature of the field has puzzled academics and practitioners. For example, (Kotler, 2006) defined corporate communication as promoting understanding of the organization through internal and external communications. And (Van Riel, 1995) defined corporate communication as all forms of communication used by the organizationRead MoreSouthern Baptist Hospital Essay757 Words   |  4 Pagesthat realized a need for marketing to address issues of falling market share. It embarked on an aggressive marketing campaign, mainly focused on corporate image, and the campaign was well received by the audience. It was however seen that though the campaign had been received well, they had failed to achieve their marketing objectives. This paper analyses key aspects of the SBH marketing campaign, and analysis on various aspects that would be key learning’s for future marketing activities.    SouthernRead MoreSummary Kotler Keller1275 Words   |  6 PagesSummary Part1 Chapter 1 Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. Marketing management is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, and growing customers through creating, delivering, and communicating superior customer value. Marketers are skilled at managing demand: they seekRead MoreThe Roles of Marketing and Public Relations in Modern Organizations1808 Words   |  7 Pagesconcerning the roles of marketing and public relations in modern organisations. Marketing professionals seem inclined towards incorporating publicity – traditionally controlled by public relations – within marketing strategies, while public relations (PR) practitioners seek more influence over marketing in a relational, counselling and policy-making role. With the birth of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) or Integrated Communications (IC), the lines between marketing and public relations areRead MoreMarketing Strategy : The View From A Different Looking Glass1352 Words   |  6 Pagesorganization’s mission and vision; this article highlights the importance marketing as an organizational strategy and its relation to the corporate strategy. Here the author has taken into consideration some of the key o bservation made by George Day regarding marketing’s contribution to strategy and described how the marketing as strategy evolved during eighties and nineties. The article debates on the Day’s argument that role of marketing in the organization’s strategic decisions was fading during eightiesRead MoreMarketing Functions Of Marketing And Marketing1229 Words   |  5 Pagestrends, the marketing function is used as a measure in the business-to-business practice, to capture and place varied products in a market place (Kono, 2004). A typical market function provides details regarding the planning, information, product distribution, consumer support, risk taking, financing, and standardization and grading amongst other things (Makloof and Sundberg, 2006). In business a market function acts in respect to the corporate marketing, strategic marketing, field marketing and analysis